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Study of Chinese Learners' Pedagogical Choices in Korean In addition to learner-internal factors CLKs' understanding of the need to be pragmatic and the relationship advantages they had access to were important. Researchers from TS & ZL for instance mentioned their relationship with their local professor as a key factor in their rational decision to avoid criticism of a strict professor (see examples 2). 프라그마틱 슬롯 사이트 reviews all local pragmatic research on Korean up to 2020. It focuses on the practical important topics such as: Discourse Construction Tests (DCTs) The discourse completion test is a commonly used tool in pragmatic research. It has many advantages, but it also has some disadvantages. For example the DCT is unable to account for the cultural and individual differences in communication. The DCT can also be biased and lead to overgeneralizations. Therefore, it is important to analyze it carefully prior to using it for research or assessment purposes. Despite its limitations the DCT is a useful tool for analyzing the connection between prosody, information structure, and non-native speakers. Its ability to use two or more stages to manipulate the social variables that are related to politeness can be a strength. This feature can help researchers understand the role of prosody in communicating across cultural contexts, a major challenge in cross-cultural pragmatics. In the field linguistics, DCT is one of the most effective tools to analyze the communication habits of learners. It can be used to study numerous issues, like manner of speaking, turn-taking, and the choices made in lexical use. It can be used to evaluate phonological complexity in learners in their speech. A recent study utilized a DCT to test EFL students' ability to resist. Participants were given a set of scenarios to choose from and then asked to choose the appropriate response. The authors found the DCT to be more effective than other refusal methods, such as videos or questionnaires. Researchers warned, however, that the DCT should be used with caution. They also suggested using other data collection methods. DCTs are usually developed with specific linguistic criteria in mind, such as the content and the form. These criteria are intuitive and based on the assumptions of the test developers. They aren't always accurate and may misrepresent the way ELF learners actually respond to requests in real-world interactions. This issue calls for further investigation into alternative methods of assessing refusal competency. In a recent study DCT responses to student inquiries via email were compared with those from an oral DCT. The results revealed that DCTs favored more direct and conventionally indirect request forms and utilized less hints than email data. Metapragmatic Questionnaires (MQs) This study examined Chinese learners' pragmatic choices when it comes to using Korean by using a range of experimental tools, including Discourse Completion Tasks (DCTs) Metapragmatic Questionnaires, Refusal Interviews (RIs). Participants were 46 CLKs of upper-intermediate who participated in DCTs, MQs, and RIs. They were also asked for reflections on their assessments and refusals in RIs. The results showed that CLKs often chose to reject native Korean pragmatic norms. Their decisions were influenced primarily by four factors: their personalities and multilingual identities, their ongoing lives and their relationships. These findings have pedagogical consequences for L2 Korean assessment. The MQ data was analyzed first to determine the participants' actual choices. The data was classified according to Ishihara (2010)'s definition of pragmatic resistance. Then, the choices were matched with their linguistic performance on the DCTs to determine if they reflected pragmatic resistance or not. The interviewees also had to explain why they chose a pragmatic behavior in certain situations. The findings of the MQs and DCTs were then examined using descriptive statistics and Z-tests. The CLKs were found employ euphemistic phrases such as “sorry” or “thank you”. This is likely due to their lack of familiarity with the target languages, leading to an insufficient understanding of korean pragmatic norms. The results showed that CLKs' preferences for converging to L1 norms or dissociating from both L1 and L2 pragmatic norms varies according to the DCT situations. For example, in Situation 3 and 12 the CLKs would prefer to diverge from both L1 and pragmatic norms whereas in Situation 14 they favored a convergence to L1 norms. The RIs revealed that CLKs were aware of their logical resistance to every DCT situation. The RIs were conducted one-to-one basis within two days of participants having completed the MQs. The RIs, which were transcribed and recorded by two coders independent of each other who then coded them. Coding was an iterative process, in which the coders read and discussed each transcript. The results of the coding process were contrasted with the original RI transcripts, which provided an indication of how well the RIs captured the underlying pragmatic behavior. Interviews with Refusal The most important problem in the field of pragmatic research is: Why do some learners decide to not accept native-speaker norms? Recent research sought to answer this question by using a variety of experiments, including DCTs MQs and RIs. The participants comprised 46 CLKs, 44 CNSs, and 45 KNSs from five Korean universities. They were asked to perform the DCTs in their native language and complete the MQs either in their L1 or L2. They were then invited to an RI, where they were required to reflect and discuss their responses to each DCT situation. The results showed that on average, the CLKs resisted the pragmatic norms of native speakers in more than 40% of their answers. They did so even though they could produce native-like patterns. Furthermore, they were clearly aware of their pragmatic resistance. They attributed their choice to learner-internal variables such as their personality and multilingual identities. They also referred to external factors, such as relational advantages. They also discussed, for instance how their relations with their professors enabled them to perform more comfortably in terms of the linguistic and social expectations of their university. However, the interviewees expressed concerns about the social pressures and punishments they could face if they flouted the local social norms. They were worried that their native friends would perceive them as “foreigners” and believe that they are incompetent. This concern was similar in nature to that expressed by Brown (2013) and Ishihara (2009). These results suggest that native-speaker pragmatic norms are no longer the preferred choice of Korean learners. They may still be a useful model for official Korean proficiency tests. Future researchers should reassess the usefulness of these tests in different contexts and in particular situations. This will allow them to better comprehend how different environments could affect the practical behavior of learners in the classroom and beyond. This will also aid educators create better methods for teaching and testing Korean pragmatics. Seukhoon Paul Choi, principal advisor at Stratways Group in Seoul, is a geopolitical risk consulting. Case Studies The case study method is an investigative strategy that uses participant-centered, in-depth investigations to investigate a particular subject. It is a method that uses numerous sources of data to help support the findings, such as interviews or observations, documents and artifacts. This type of investigation is ideal for studying complicated or unique subjects which are difficult to assess using other methods. In a case study the first step is to define the subject as well as the objectives of the study. This will help you determine which aspects of the topic are important to investigate and which can be omitted. It is also beneficial to read the literature on to the subject to gain a broad understanding of the topic and to place the case study in a broader theoretical context. This study was based on an open-source platform called the KMMLU Leaderboard [50] and its Korean-specific benchmarks HyperCLOVA X and LDCC Solar (figure 1 below). The results of the test showed that L2 Korean students were extremely susceptible to native models. They were more likely to pick incorrect answer options which were literal interpretations. This was a deviance from a precise pragmatic inference. They also had a strong tendency to add their own text or “garbage” to their responses. additional resources lowered the quality of their answers. Furthermore, the participants of this case study were L2 Korean learners who had attained level 4 in the Test of Proficiency in Korean (TOPIK) at their third or second year of university and were hoping to achieve level 6 on their next attempt. They were questioned about their WTC/SPCC, pragmatic awareness and understanding and their understanding of the world. Interviewees were presented with two hypothetical situations which involved interactions with their counterparts and asked to choose one of the strategies listed below to use when making demands. Interviewees were then asked to justify their decision. The majority of participants attributed their pragmatism to their personality. For instance, TS claimed that she was difficult to connect to, and so she did not want to inquire about her interactant's well-being with a heavy workload, even though she believed that native Koreans would ask.